Wararka - Sidee Loo Xisaabiyaa Madaxa Bamka?

Sidee loo xisaabiyaa madaxa bamka?

Doorkeena muhiimka ah sida soosaarayaasha bamka hydraulic, waxaan ka warqabnaa tirada badan ee doorsoomayaal u baahan in la tixgeliyo marka la dooranayo bamka saxda ah ee codsiga gaarka ah. Ujeedada qodobkan koowaad waa in la bilaabo in la bilaabo iftiiminta tirada badan ee tilmaamayaasha farsamada ee ku dhex jira caalamka bamka hydraulic, oo ka bilaabmaya cabbirka "madaxa bamka".

Waa maxay Madaxa Pump?

Madaxa bamka, oo inta badan loo yaqaan wadarta madaxa ama wadarta dhaq-dhaqaaqa madaxa (TDH), waxay ka dhigan tahay wadarta tamarta la siiyo dareeraha bamka. Waxay qiyaasaysaa isku-darka tamarta cadaadiska iyo tamarta kaniiniga ee bamka uu sii daayo dareeraha marka uu ku dhex socdo nidaamka. Si kooban, waxaan sidoo kale ku qeexi karnaa madaxa inuu yahay dhererka sare ee ugu sarreeya ee bamka uu awoodo inuu u gudbiyo dareeraha la shubay. Tusaalaha ugu cad waa kan tuubo toosan oo si toos ah uga soo kacaysa meesha wax lagu keenayo. Dheecaanku waxa lagu soo ridi doonaa tuubada meel 5 mitir u jirta meesha laga soo saaro bamka madaxa 5 mitir ah. Madaxa bamka ayaa si rogan ula xidhiidha heerka socodka. Heerka socodka bamka oo sarreeya, madaxa ayaa hooseeya. Fahamka madaxa bamka waa lama huraan sababtoo ah waxay ka caawisaa injineerada inay qiimeeyaan waxqabadka bamka, dooro bamka saxda ah ee codsiga la siiyay, iyo naqshadaynta habab gaadiid dareere oo hufan.

Qaybaha madaxa bamka

Si loo fahmo xisaabinta madaxa bamka, waxaa muhiim ah in la jebiyo qaybaha wax ku biirinaya madaxa guud:

Madaxa Joogtada ah (Hs)Madaxa taagani waa masaafada toosan ee u dhaxaysa dhuuqida bamka iyo dhibcaha dheecaanka. Waxay ku xisaabtamaysaa isbeddelka tamarta ee suurtogalka ah sababtoo ah kor u kaca. Haddii barta dheecaanku ka sarreyso barta nuugista, madaxa taagani waa togan, haddii uu hoosena, madaxa taagani waa taban.

Madaxa Xawaaraha (Hv)Madaxa xawaaruhu waa tamarta kinetic ee la siiyo dareeraha marka uu dhex socdo tubooyinka. Waxay kuxirantahay xawaaraha dareeraha waxaana lagu xisaabiyaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo isla'egta:

Hv=V^2/2g

Halkee:

Hv= Madaxa xawaaraha (mitirka)
V= Xawaaraha dareeraha ah (m/s)
g= Dardargelinta cuf-isjiidadka awgeed (9.81 m/s²)

Madaxa Cadaadiska (Hp)Madaxa cadaadiska wuxuu ka dhigan yahay tamarta lagu daray dareeraha bamka si looga gudbo khasaaraha cadaadiska ee nidaamka. Waxaa lagu xisaabin karaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo isla'egta Bernoulli:

Hp=Pd-Ps/ρg

Halkee:

Hp= Madaxa cadaadiska (mitir)
Pd= Cadaadis meesha laga saaro (Pa)
Ps= Cadaadis meesha nuugista (Pa)
ρ= Cufnaanta dareeraha (kg/m³)
g= Dardargelinta cuf-isjiidadka awgeed (9.81 m/s²)

Madaxa Xubinta (Hf)Madaxa is jiid-jiidka ayaa xisaabiya khasaaraha tamarta ee ay sababto jeexjeexa tuubooyinka iyo qalabka ku rakiban nidaamka. Waxaa lagu xisaabin karaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo isla'egta Darcy-Weisbach:

Hf=fLQ^2/D^2g

Halkee:

Hf= madaxa dillaaca (mitir)
f= Qodobka is jiid jiidka madow (aan cabbir lahayn)
L= Dhererka tuubada (mitir)
Q= Heerka socodka (m³/s)
D= Dhexroorka tuubada (mitir)
g= Dardargelinta cuf-isjiidadka awgeed (9.81 m/s²)

Wadarta isla'egta madaxa

Madaxa guud (H) nidaamka bamka waa wadarta dhammaan qaybahan:

H=Hs+Hv+Hp+Hf

Fahamka isla'egtan waxay u ogolaataa injineerada inay naqshadeeyaan nidaamyada bamka wax ku ool ah iyagoo tixgelinaya arrimo ay ka mid yihiin heerka socodka loo baahan yahay, cabbirrada tuubooyinka, kala duwanaanshaha sareynta, iyo shuruudaha cadaadiska.

Codsiyada Xisaabinta Madaxa Pump

Xulashada bamkaInjineerada waxay isticmaalaan xisaabinta madaxa bamka si ay u doortaan bamka ku habboon codsi gaar ah. Marka la go'aamiyo wadarta guud ee madaxa loo baahan yahay, waxay dooran karaan bamka buuxin kara shuruudahan si hufan.

Naqshadaynta NidaamkaXisaabinta madaxa bamka ayaa muhiim u ah qaabaynta hababka gaadiidka dareeraha. Injineerada ayaa cabbiri kara tuubooyinka oo ay dooran karaan qalabyada ku habboon si ay u yareeyaan khasaaraha isku dhaca oo ay sare ugu qaadaan hufnaanta nidaamka.

Waxtarka Tamarta: Fahamka madaxa bamka wuxuu caawiyaa wanaajinta shaqada bamka si loo helo waxtarka tamarta. Marka la yareeyo madaxa aan loo baahnayn, injineeradu waxay yareyn karaan isticmaalka tamarta iyo kharashyada hawlgalka.

Dayactirka iyo Cilad-bixinta: Kormeerka madaxa bamka waqti ka dib wuxuu kaa caawin karaa in la ogaado isbeddelada waxqabadka nidaamka, taas oo muujinaysa baahida dayactirka ama dhibaatooyinka dhibaatooyinka sida xannibaadaha ama qulqulka.

Tusaalaha Xisaabinta: Go'aaminta wadarta madaxa bamka

Si loo qeexo fikradda xisaabinta madaxa bamka, aan ka fiirsanno dhacdo la fududeeyay oo ku lug leh bamka biyaha ee loo isticmaalo waraabka. Xaaladdan, waxaan rabnaa inaan go'aamino wadarta madaxa bamka ee looga baahan yahay qaybinta biyaha hufan ee kaydka ilaa berrinka.

Qiyaasaha la siiyay:

Farqiga Sarraynta (ΔH): Masaafada tooska ah ee u jirta heerka biyaha ee kaydka ilaa meesha ugu sareysa ee beerta waraabka waa 20 mitir.

Waayida madaxa oo jajaban (hf): Khasaaraha is-khilaafsan ee ay sabab u tahay tuubooyinka, qalabyada, iyo qaybaha kale ee nidaamka ayaa gaaraya 5 mitir.

Madaxa xawaaraha (hv): Si loo ilaaliyo socodka joogtada ah, madax xawaare gaar ah oo 2 mitir ah ayaa loo baahan yahay.

Madaxa Cadaadiska (hp): Madaxa cadaadiska dheeraadka ah, sida in laga gudbo nidaamiyaha cadaadiska, waa 3 mitir.

Xisaabinta:

Wadarta madaxa bamka (H) ee loo baahan yahay waxaa lagu xisaabin karaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo isla'egta soo socota:

Wadarta guud ee madaxa bamka (H) = Farqiga sare u kaca/madaxa taagan (ΔH)/(hs) + luminta madaxa ee jajaban (hf)

H = 20 mitir + 5 mitir + 2 mitir + 3 mitir

H = 30 mitir

Tusaalahan, wadarta madaxa bamka ee looga baahan yahay nidaamka waraabka waa 30 mitir. Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay in bamka uu awood u leeyahay inuu bixiyo tamar ku filan si uu biyaha kor ugu qaado 20 mitir si toos ah, uga gudbo khasaaraha is jiid jiidka, joogteeyo xawaare cayiman, oo uu bixiyo cadaadis dheeraad ah haddii loo baahdo.

Fahamka iyo sida saxda ah loo xisaabinayo wadarta madaxa bamka ayaa muhiim u ah doorashada bamka cabbirka habboon si loo gaaro heerka socodka la rabo ee madaxa u dhigma ee ka dhalanaya.

Halkeen ka heli karaa sawirka madaxa bamka?

Tilmaamaha madaxa bamka ayaa jira waxaana laga heli karaa gudahaxaashida xogtadhammaan alaabtayada muhiimka ah. Si aad u hesho macluumaad dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan xogta farsamada ee matooradayada, fadlan la xiriir kooxda farsamada iyo iibka.

Waqtiga boostada: Sebtembar-02-2024